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Yandex

Yandex self-driving car

Yandex Self-Driving Group is a developer of self-driving cars and delivery robots. It is headquartered in Moscow, Russia. Yandex Self-Driving Group is a part of the Russian company Yandex LLC. The self-driving cars are based on mass-produced car models, such as the Toyota Prius and Hyundai Sonata. Each vehicle is equipped with four proprietary lidars, six radars and from 8 to 12 cameras. The company's semi-solid state lidars can recognize objects as far as 500 meters away and are capable of changing the scanning pattern on-flight. They can increase point cloud density in the area near the vehicle when it is moving through a courtyard, or increase range when driving at a high speed on a highway. The company has specific technologies developed to deal with bad weather. These include lidar cloud filtering from snowflakes reflections, and measuring coefficient of friction for speed and maneuver planning. The delivery robots operate on the same technology as the company's self-driving cars and are manufactured in Taiwan. Robots are equipped with the same types of sensors as the cars including lidars, radars and cameras, and can reuse localization and perception algorithms developed for cars. Robots also reuse many neural networks, specifically for prediction of other road users’ behavior. These networks were initially developed for cars, and were tested, adapted, and implemented for the robots. Robots move at a speed of 5–8 km/h (3-5 mph), can autonomously navigate crosswalks and recognize traffic lights. Average working time on a single battery charge is about 8–12 hours. The third generation of robots, launched in November 2021, have replaceable batteries.

Text from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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History

=== 2016-2020 === In 2016, a 120-person team at the company began assembling the underlying hardware for self-driving cars. The company launched its first self-driving car prototype in May 2017. In June 2017, the company released a video demonstrating its self-driving car technology. The prototype vehicle was a heavily modified Toyota Prius+ hybrid wagon/compact MPV equipped with three Lidar optical distance sensors by Velodyne Lidar, six radar units, and six cameras and a GNSS sensor for navigation, with Intel CPUs and Nvidia GPUs using the GNU operating system with the Linux kernel. In November 2017, the company tested the car in winter conditions on a closed course. The car drove successfully along snowy roads, despite the increased difficulties presented by the snow. The vehicle covered 300 km. In February 2018, the company tested the car in snowy conditions on public roads. Unmanned robo-taxi service was launched on in August 2018 in the university town of Innopolis, Tatarstan. By February 2020, over 5,000 autonomous passenger rides were completed in Innopolis. In November 2018, the company obtained a license to use its self-driving cars on public roads in Nevada. In December 2018, the company received permission from the Ministry of Transport and Road Safety in Israel to test its driverless cars on public roads in Tel Aviv. In September, 2019 the testing territory was expanded to include the city center. In January 2019, demo rides were offered to guests of the Consumer Electronics Show in Las Vegas. Unlike other prototypes demonstrated at the exhibition, the cars operated without any human control. There was no engineer at the wheel, only one in the passenger seat to take control of the car in case of emergency. In January 2020, the company again provided autonom

Sections adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); text is shortened. Read the full article for the complete history and citations.

More photos

Yandex self-driving car
Екатерина Волкова · CC BY-SA 2.0 · source ↗
Yandex self-driving car
Shvicha · CC BY-SA 4.0 · source ↗

Sources