Dodge · 1938–1947

Dodge T-, V-, W-Series

In 1939, Dodge presented a completely redesigned line of trucks. Formally the T series for 1939, V series for 1940, and the W series from 1941 through 1947, the trucks became mostly known as the Dodge Job-Rated trucks. With streamlined, Art Deco-style front sheetmetal, and introducing the concept of "Job-Rated" truck configurations, Dodge tried to offer customers the truck that fit any job they were buying it for, literally comparing it to the process and user experience of buying shoes. As a result, the 1939 to 1947 Dodge truck range was offered in a bewilderingly large number of available variants and model codes. Six different payload classes, a wide range of bodies, and more than twenty different wheelbase lengths were manufactured, and fitted with different sized versions of the straight six-cylinder Chrysler "Flathead" side-valve engines – from the half-ton TC pickup truck on a 116-inch wheelbase to three-ton tractor cabs. In 1940 alone, 20 different truck frames were simultaneously produced in the same year, which increased to 31 different chassis frames, for 17 wheelbase lengths in 1947. Nevertheless, mechanically, the trucks were all very similar, with solid axles front and rear and leaf springs at all four corners. With World War II taking up most of production capacity from 1942 to 1945, the 1939 styling continued largely unchanged through 1947, as engineering and production became the main focus. The Dodge trucks enjoyed some popularity before the war, and the last of them – built in 1942, before Dodge turned to mostly military production – had progressed to the W-series model name. When commercial sales of the trucks restarted post-war, they resumed as the 1946 Dodge W-series. Historic author on Dodge trucks, Don Bunn, noted that the 1939–1947 Job-Rated trucks represent a very significant segment in Dodge history. They were the first to be mass-produced in the new, huge (Mound Road) Warren truck plant. The Job-Rated trucks also formed the basis for Dodge's first light-duty military 4×4s, the 1940 half-ton Dodge VC series, which in turn further developed into the world's first factory four-wheel-drive commercial pickups: the Dodge Power Wagon. And lastly, Dodge was the first of the Big Three U.S. auto manufacturers to offer a diesel-powered truck. Chrysler engineered and built its heavy-duty diesel engines all in-house. Today, this series is the most popular pickups with Dodge truck collectors.

Text from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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General

After Dodge joined forces with Graham Brothers trucks from 1925 onwards, Dodge and Graham trucks, marketed through Dodge's vast dealer network, were offered in various capacities, ranging from a half ton to three tons. In May 1928, Power Wagon magazine already computed a "truly impressive" 1,842 possible configuration combinations, of available models, styles, payload ratings, wheelbase, and other options. For 1939, Dodge rolled out an entirely new design, except for the updated drivetrains – and offered many variants. In the later 1930s, streamlined styling had become the dominant design trend in the industry. The new, "Job-Rated" Dodge trucks followed suit, representing the "Streamline Moderne," Art Deco–based style, inspired by aerodynamic design, and characterized by elongated horizontal lines and curving forms meant to give the impression of sleekness and modernity. The all new, all-steel cabs featured a front-end design with a barrel-shaped base and a sharp V-shaped grille; long, sleek, crowned front and rear fenders, with embossed "speed lines" on the lower rears of each fender; and a new sloped, two-piece windshield, that could be opened for increased airflow. The headlamps were still free-standing, but were mounted in bullet-shaped pods. From the half-tons to the three-ton models, the new trucks all featured the same distinctive design – the heavy-duty models only stood out taller, on larger wheels and tires. The unique styling of the trucks was only really changed in 1940, when Dodge trucks began using sealed-beam headlamps and were equipped with marker lights mounted on the headlamp housing. For the most part, after 1940, year-to-year appearance changes were very minimal. The grille design was slightly changed again in 1941, and this style continued through 1

Engine

Dodge's Job-Rated trucks used flathead sixes, originally developed by Plymouth, throughout the 1939–1947 range. In the light half-ton trucks, a 201.3-cubic-inch (3,299 cc) engine was initially standard, with 70 hp (52 kW) in 1939, but uprated to 79 hp (59 kW) in 1940, and 82.5 hp (61.5 kW) by 1941. The three-quarter-ton and one-ton trucks used a 217.8-cubic-inch (3,569 cc) engine from 1939 to 1941, rated at 77 hp (57 kW) initially, then at 82 hp (61 kW) in 1940, and at 85 hp (63 kW) in 1941. Starting in 1942 (just before civilian production ended), the 201-cubic-inch engines were dropped from the range, and the 1⁄2-ton light-duty models received the larger 218-cubic-inch six, like the 3/4-ton pickups, going up to 95 hp (71 kW) gross after the war, while the one-ton trucks received a larger 230.2-cubic-inch (3,772 cc) unit (instead of the 218), with 102 hp (76 kW), until the lineup was replaced in 1947. A three-speed manual was standard issue, while a four-speed with a compound first gear was an option. The 1939–1947 TK- and TL- through WK- and WL-models were also available with a diesel engine – Dodge's own diesel engine – Dodge and Mack Trucks were the only two American automakers of the period before World War II, to have their own diesel engines. An additional 6-volt auxiliary generator debuted in 1941 on the diesel engines. The unit furnished power for lighting, instruments, and horns. Diesel sales were extremely limited however, counting as many as 75 units sold in 1939, 134 units in 1940, and 195 units in 1941.

Bodies and options

Besides with the "Express" pick-up bodywork, the Job-Rated trucks were available in cab/chassis, cowl/chassis, or bare chassis (for third-party custom body) versions. At the bottom of the range, Dodge offered the three now common pick-up classes (1⁄2-ton, 3⁄4-ton and one-ton), as well as a 11⁄2-ton pickup. Dodge's half-ton pickups, on a 116 in (2.95 m) wheelbase with a 71⁄2-foot box, now had the 70-horsepower 201-cubic-inch L-head straight-six. The 3/4- and 1-ton models kept the 75-horsepower 218-cubic-inch L-head six, either on a 120 in (3.05 m) wheelbase with a 71⁄2-foot box, or a 133 in (3.38 m) wheelbase with a 9-foot bed. Dodge's 11⁄2-ton pick-up, offered from the Job-Rated trucks launch in 1939 until the 1942 switch to all-wartime production, consisted of the long-wheelbase one-ton model with 9-foot bed, but on bigger wheels and tires. Aside from as pickups, the lightest models in the range, the 116 in (2.95 m) wheelbase TC/VC/WC half-tons, were also offered as a delivery truck, either with solid steel "panel" van body, or open canvas-covered canopy or screenside configuration. After the war, both the 11⁄2-ton pickup, and the long one-ton pickup with the nine-foot bed were dropped. Post-war available equipment options included a larger clutch, four-speed transmission, oversize tires, electric driver's wiper, heater, chrome windshield frame, adjustable visor, driver's armrest, dome light, turn signals, "airfoam" seat with leather upholstery, and an AM radio.

Models used by the military

=== Purpose-built four-wheel drive === After Dodge supplied the U.S. Army with its first four-wheel drive truck in 1934, more modern 1+1⁄2-ton 4x4 trucks were developed. Some 1,700 RF-40-X-4(USA) trucks, based on Dodge's new from 1936 "fore-point" trucks were supplied In 1938, and a further 292 TF-40-X-4(USA) in 1939, based on the brand new for 1939 T-series, the first year trucks of this article. In late 1939 and in 1940, Dodge again gained Army contracts to design and build 1⁄2-ton and 11⁄2-ton 4×4 military trucks in several styles, using as many commercial truck parts as possible. Based on the VC-Series, and internally called the T-202 series, the VC-1 through VC-6 came with essentially stock front-end sheetmetal. Similarly, their 116-inch wheelbase and 201-cubic-inch 79-horsepower six-cylinder engine shared much with Dodge's civilian 1⁄2-ton VC. The following year, the T202 was replaced by the T-207 series trucks. Again rated as 1⁄2-tonners, they featured a military-specific hood, grille, and fenders. These trucks were powered by the 218-cubic-inch six of 85 horsepower taken from Dodge's 3⁄4- and one-ton commercial models. Eventually, the military trucks were substantially redesigned, and uprated to 3⁄4-tons with a 230-cubic-inch engine producing 92 hp. Together with the 1⁄2-tons of 1941, these were built from 1942 until the end of the war as the Dodge WC series military trucks. Some 30 were modified as armored trucks by the French in Syria prior to WWII and known as the Automitrailleuse Dodge Tanake. The Tanake was fitted with a 37mm cannon M1916 and two or three FM 24/29 light machine guns and a crew of 5. The vehicles served with French Foreign Legion, both Vichy and Free French units during WWII and post-war used by the Syrian government in the 1948 Arab–Israel

Model table

Dodge offered their 1939–1947 "Job-Rated" trucks in many variants. complemented with information about Dodge engine & engineering codes from the same website,. Models with an "M" as the third letter in the model code are cabover body style. Cabover body was available for 1 1/2 ton or 2 ton WF, WG or WH models: WFM, WGM or WHM. Models with an "A" have a 2 speed rear axle which was available for 1 1/2 to 3 ton trucks. "A" is 3rd letter for conventional cabs, such as WFA-32 or 4th letter for cabovers or diesels, such as WHMA- 47 or WKDA-62. There were no diesel cabovers. Some 2 speed rear axles shift with a shift lever connected to a long rod that connects to the rear axle, some shift with a combination of vacuum from the intake manifold in a long tube from the engine to the rear axle for high range and a spring on the rear axle that pushes it into low gear when the vacuum is off. Engine vacuum is turned on and off with a valve in the engine compartment that is connected by a long wire in a cover/loom to a knob mounted on the transmission shift lever in the cab. "X" in the model code is for extra equipment like brake booster, PTO, engine governor 4 wheel drive, etc. Models with a "D" as the third letter in the model code, and marked with "D" behind the engine code, indicate models that were offered with a diesel engine.

Sections adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); text is shortened. Read the full article for the complete history and citations.

Specifications

name: Dodge T- / V- / W-Series
Manufacturer: Dodge
aka: DB, DC and DD-Series (Dodge Canada), Fargo FH, FJ and FK-Series, Plymouth PT-Series
Production: September 1938 – 1947
Model years: 1939–1947
Assembly: Warren, Michigan, Windsor, Ontario, Los Angeles, California, United Kingdom: Kew
Class: 1-ton to 1-1/2 ton rated light trucks, 2-ton to 3-ton rated medium trucks
Body style: 2-door pickup truck, cabover, flatbed, stake
Layout: FR layout
Related: Dodge WC series
Engine: Straight-six Chrysler flathead from 201 -
Transmission: Three, four or 5-speed manual, optional 2 speed axle or 2 or 3 speed auxiliary transmission
Wheelbase: 105 -
Predecessor: 1936–1938 Dodge L, M and R "Fore-Point" Trucks
Successor: Dodge B Series
sp: us