Subaru · 2012–present

Subaru BRZ

The Toyota 86 and the Subaru BRZ are 2+2 sports cars jointly developed by Toyota and Subaru, manufactured at Subaru's Ōta, Gunma assembly plant. The 2+2 fastback coupé has a naturally aspirated boxer engine, front-engined, rear-wheel-drive configuration, 53/47 front/rear weight balance and low centre of gravity; it was inspired by Toyota's earlier AE86, a small, light, front-engine/rear-drive Corolla variant widely popular for Showroom Stock, Group A, Group N, Rally, Club and drift racing. For the first-generation model, Toyota marketed the sports car as the 86 in Asia, Australia, North America (from August 2016), South Africa, and South America; as the Toyota GT86 in Europe; as the 86 and GT86 in New Zealand; as the Toyota FT86 in Brunei, Nicaragua and Jamaica and as the Scion FR-S (2012–2016) in the United States and Canada. The second-generation model is marketed by Toyota as the GR86 as part of the Gazoo Racing (GR) family.

Text from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

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Name

The development code of the 2+2 was 086A and the eight six (Hachi-Roku in Japanese), references the historic 1983 to 1987 AE86.

Pre-launch concept cars

Initial layout and design elements for the 86 were presented by Toyota using its "FT" (Future Toyota) concept car nomenclature. The first was the Toyota FT-HS, which was presented at the North American International Auto Show in 2007. It had a front engine, rear-wheel drive layout and 2+2 seating and was powered by a V6 engine with hybrid electric assistance. In 2008, Toyota bought 16.5% of Fuji Heavy Industries, which includes the Subaru automotive brand. Toyota, led by project leader Tetsuya Tada, then invited Subaru to partner in the project, by co-developing the new D-4S boxer engine. The offer, which conflicted with Subaru's reputation for high performance all-wheel drive (AWD) cars, was rejected. The project came to a six-month halt before Toyota invited journalists and Subaru engineers to test a developmental prototype. Following the test, Subaru agreed to become further involved in development. The collaboration produced a concept car, the FT-86 Concept, which debuted at the Tokyo Motor Show in October 2009. Smaller than the FT-HS, the design of the FT-86 was further refined by Toyota's ED2 design studio while the hybrid V6 powerplant was replaced by the new D-4S boxer. Subaru provided the chassis, modifying it from their Impreza. The custom red paint was based on the backside of a Japanese macaque. Classic Toyota sports cars such as the AE86, Celica and Supra were cited as inspirations for the concept. At the 2010 Tokyo Motor Show, Toyota launched its G Sports line of aftermarket accessories, along with the FT-86 G Sports concept car. It featured G Sports carbon fibre panels, a vented bonnet, rear wing, 19 in (48 cm) wheels, Recaro race seats, and an interior rollcage. The D-4S engine also added a turbocharger. In 2011, Toyota and Subaru unveiled five near-pro

First generation (ZN6/ZC6; 2012)

=== Development and production === The production Toyota 86 debuted at the December 2011 Tokyo Motor Show. Its development was led by chief engineer Tetsuya Tada. All variants are built at Subaru's Gunma Main Plant, with the first cars assembled on 2 February 2012 before sales began in March and deliveries in April. 7,000 orders were placed for the Toyota 86 in the first month of production, while Subaru took in 3,500 orders. In the United States, Scion were allocated 10,000 units of the 2013 model year (MY13) production, while Subaru was limited to only 6,000 units. Engineering. The 86's low-weight design uses an aluminium bonnet, a fixed roof, and a boot as opposed to a hatchback. To improve driving dynamics, the boxer engine is mounted low in a front engine / rear drive layout, yielding a weight distribution of 53% in front and 47% in the rear and a low centre of mass height. The 86's engine, known by the Toyota code 4U-GSE and Subaru code FA20, is a naturally aspirated engine that uses Subaru's flat-four engine design, with the addition of Toyota's D-4S injection system, which uses Gasoline direct injection (GDI). With its front-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, its engine runs on 98 RON (premium unleaded) fuel and features a compression ratio of 12.5:1 with a bore and stroke of 86 mm (3.39 in) for a total displacement of 2.0 L; 121.9 cu in (1,998 cc) that results in 200 PS (197 bhp; 147 kW) at 7,000 rpm and 151 lb⋅ft (205 N⋅m) of torque at 6,400 rpm. The 86, BRZ and FR-S are offered with two six-speed transmissions: an in-house developed Toyota TL70 manual gearbox (based on Aisin AI's AZ6) and an Aisin-Warner A960E automatic transmission, which is modified from that used on the Lexus IS 250. The latter uses a traditional wet torque converter design, but its software

Second generation (ZN8/ZD8; 2021)

The second-generation BRZ debuted on 18 November 2020 and went on sale in the US in late 2021. The Toyota version was introduced later on 5 April 2021, briefly named the "GR 86". It was later renamed "GR86", without the space, for digital marketing reasons. The roof, bonnet and front wings are made from aluminium to lower the vehicle's centre of gravity and reduce the weight gain from the engine and safety features. The second-generation BRZ and GR86 architecture adopts elements from the Subaru Global Platform (SGP), claiming 50 percent more torsional rigidity than its predecessor. In August 2026, the GR86 received minor updates such as a new EyeSight triple camera replaced the two camera setup, and the automatic transmission option for GR86 Cup Car Basic grade. The Solid Gray, which was previously available in the first generation 86, was reintroduced. The updated GR86 went to sale on 28 August 2026. Subaru BRZ. Subaru uses the FA24D designation for the new engine. It has a displacement of 2,387 cc (145.7 cu in) using a 94 mm × 86 mm (3.7 in × 3.4 in) bore and stroke, with a power output of 231–235 PS (170–173 kW; 228–232 hp) at 7,000 rpm and a torque output of 250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft; 25 kg⋅m) at 3,700 rpm. According to Subaru, a naturally aspirated engine was chosen to meet the goal of developing "the ultimate pure sports car". Compared to the previous gen FA20 it retains a free-revving character, with a larger cylinder bore increasing peak torque at a lower rpm. When tested by Car and Driver, the BRZ achieved a 0–97 km/h (0–60 mph) time of 5.4 seconds, with the top speed electronically limited to 225 km/h (140 mph). Vehicles equipped with an automatic transmission (and manual transmission, starting from 2024) include Subaru's advanced driver-assistance system, using Eyes

Motorsport

=== Super GT === In 2011 Subaru unveiled the Super BRZ Concept STi and their latest entry in the Super GT series GT300-category. R&D Sport developed the BRZ GT300 to replace their Legacy for the 2012 season using the EJ20 engine. The Toyota 86 MC also competes in the GT300, but unlike the BRZ GT300 it is based on a standard Super GT Dome-produced "mother chassis" and GT Association-branded Nissan V8 engine. Only the name and body style are shared with the production car. In 2016 VivaC team Tsuchiya's 86 MC won the GT300 driver and team championships, with Takeshi Tsuchiya and Takamitsu Matsui at the wheel. In 2021, Subaru unveiled the new BRZ GT300 based on the second-generation BRZ, followed by Toyota unveiling the new GR86 GT300 in 2022. They were built around the road car instead of a predefined mother chassis, with advanced aerodynamics and a lightweight body. The BRZ GT300 is powered by an updated version of the same EJ20 turbocharged flat-four racing engine as its predecessor. The GR86 GT300 is powered by a naturally-aspirated TRD 5.4 litre 2UR-GSE racing engine and features a Hewland six-speed sequential transmission. The Toyota GR86 GT300 is 50 kg (110 lb) lighter, with a shorter wheelbase and overall length compared to the Subaru BRZ GT300. In its first year of competition, the new second-generation BRZ GT300 won the GT300 class of the 2021 Super GT Championship, driven by Takuto Iguchi and Hideki Yamauchi for R&D Sport. Formula Drift. In the United States Ken Gushi used a GPP Scion Racing FR-S built by GReddy Racing for the US Formula Drift championship. The FR-S features a turbocharged EJ25 boxer engine from a Subaru WRX STI producing more than 450 kW (600 bhp). Ryan Tuerck drove a Scion FR-S powered by a stroked 2JZ-GTE producing more than 520 kW (700 bhp) f

Sections adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); text is shortened. Read the full article for the complete history and citations.

Specifications

name

Toyota 86 / Subaru BRZ

Manufacturer

Toyota, Subaru

aka

Subaru BRZ, Toyota GT86 (Europe, 2012–2021), Scion FR-S (North America, 2012–2016), Toyota GR86 (2021–present), Toyota FT86 (Brunei, Nicaragua and Jamaica)

Production

January 2012 – present

Model years

2013–present

Assembly

Japan: Ōta, Gunma (Subaru Corp. Gunma Plant)

Class

Sports car (S)

Body style

2-door fastback coupé

Layout

Front-engine, rear-wheel-drive

sp

uk

Specification summary from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0). Measured facts from Wikidata (CC0). Check the linked sources for citations.

More photos

US EPA fuel-economy records

US EPA test figures (US MPG, US test cycle).

Sources

• Wikidata — https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3502403CC0 1.0 · retrieved 2026-10-01
• Wikipedia — https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_86CC BY-SA 4.0 · Text © Wikipedia contributors; revision 1376577587 · retrieved 2026-10-01
• Wikimedia Commons — https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Subaru_BRZ_(ZD8)_IMG_0771.jpgCC BY-SA 4.0 · Photo: Alexander-93 · retrieved 2026-10-01
• Manufacturer website (link only) — https://www.subaru.com/vehicles/brz/index.htmlLink only; no content copied · retrieved 2026-10-01
• Car Model Index — https://models.autoculturesociety.com/Compiled record. Sources that do not permit reuse are not copied; this index is credited instead.

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