Porsche · 1964–1989

1963-1989 Porsche 911

The original Porsche 911 (pronounced nine eleven, German: Neunelfer) is a sports car made by Porsche AG of Stuttgart, Germany. A prototype of the design was shown to the public in autumn 1963. Production began in September 1964 and continued through 1989. It was succeeded by a modified version, internally referred to as Porsche 964 but still sold as Porsche 911, as are current models. Mechanically, the 911 was notable for being rear engined and air-cooled. From its inception, the 911 was modified both by private teams and the factory itself for racing, rallying and other types of automotive competition. The original 911 series is often cited as the most successful competition car ever, especially when its variations are included, mainly the powerful 911-derived 935 which won 24 Hours of Le Mans and other major sports cars races outright against prototypes.

Text from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0).

Predecessor: Porsche 356 · Successor: Porsche 964

All Porsche 1963-1989 Porsche 911 data: UK builds, safety, recalls, model years →

Prototyping

To update the style and utility of the 356B's T5 body, T7 body styling/design project was led by Butzi Porsche by applying modified style and 100mm longer wheelbase to 356B Karmann hardtop in 1959–1960. Another design/engineering project, T6 body, led by Erwin Komenda, including a bigger front trunk and rear engine compartment opening, bigger rear window, and twin grilles on the engine lid, was progressing alongside. The T6 debuted in 1962 as a facelift on 356B without the longer wheelbase or the 911-like front and rear style of the T7. The increase in body length was used on the T7 prototype for the rear '+2' passenger room making the body a full(er) four-seater, not for additional space for a six cylinder engine as it, as well as the T6, was a 356 body style candidate. The T7 body was completed into a drivable prototype with a pushrod 1600 Super (1582cc 75hp Typ 616/12) engine as Typ 695. In 1962–63, the 695's engine was swapped with 2L four cylinder DOHC engine of 356B Carrera GS (1968cc 130hp Typ 587/1) and became Typ 754, that served as a benchmark in comparisons against Typ 901 prototypes. Klaus von Rücker and Leopold Jäntschke led the team, including a young Hans Mezger and Ferdinand Piëch, to develop the 2 litre six cylinder engine that was numbered the Typ 745 with intake camshaft above, and exhaust camshaft below the crankshaft to operate horizontal pushrods in an unusual dry-sump configuration. Ferry Porsche, having experiences on DOHC racing engines, did not like this arrangement in the air-cooled six cylinder pushrod engine as it did not have sufficient benefit to justify the increase in the number of camshafts. Also, the new twin vertical (horizontal axis) fans on this "2.0 litre 6 cylinder prototype engine (Porsche type 745)". were found to suffice with

2.0-litre / O, A and B series (1964–1969)

The initial series became known as the O series, produced until July 1967, and the MY1968 911s as the A series, followed by the MY1969 B series. These earliest editions of the 911 had Typ 901/01 an air-cooled, rear-mounted, all-aluminium-alloy, 2.0 L (1,991 cc) 130 PS (96 kW) SOHC flat-six boxer engine, which has almost no parts interchangeability to the 356's four-cylinder pushrod 1.6L, or the 2.0L DOHC unit. It was mated to a five-speed manual "Type 901" transmission. The car had 2+2 seating, though the rear was very small, like the 356. The styling was by Ferdinand "Butzi" Porsche, son of Ferdinand "Ferry" Porsche. Erwin Komenda, the leader of the Porsche car body construction department, was responsible for the engineering aspects of the new chassis/body, incorporating the new engine, transmission, steering, and suspension into the monocoque. In mid-1966, the 901/01 engine (9.0:1 compression ratio, Solex 40PI) was changed to Typ 901/05 with two Weber 40IDA3C carburettors (3 choke/barrel, with two fuel needle valves and two floats each). For the model year (MY)1967, Porsche introduced the more powerful 911S (901/02 160 PS (118 kW) at 6,600 rpm, 9.8:1 compression ratio, Weber 40IDA3C carburettor). Forged 911R-style alloy wheels from Fuchs, in a distinctive 5-leaf design, were offered for the first time, which coincided with the 911S debut. In 1967, 210 PS (154 kW) racing version Typ 901/20 (Weber 46IDA3C) twin-plug engine was developed and used in the Porsche 904/6, 911R, and 906 (Carrera 6) racing models. A semi-automatic (clutchless manual) Sportomatic model, composed of a torque converter, electrically-switched and pneumatically operated clutch, and a conventional four-speed manual transmission, was added to 911L (901/04, Weber 40IDA3C) as an option for MY1967. Th

2.2-litre / C and D series (1969–1971)

For model year 1970, the displacement of all 911 engines was increased to 2,195 cc (2.195 L; 133.9 cu in) with 84 mm bore x 66 mm stroke. Power outputs were uprated to 125 PS (92 kW) in the 911T (911/03 engine, Zenith 40TIN), 155 PS (114 kW) in the 911E (911/01 MFI), and 180 PS (132 kW) in the 911S (911/02 MFI). The engines for Sportomatic were 911/06 (Zenith 40TIN) for the T, 911/04 (MFI) for the E, and 911/05 (MFI) for the S, all with the same power rating as the engines for manual transmission. For the Canada/US market, only 911T had market-specific 911/07 (125 PS (92 kW), Zenith 40TIN) for the manual, and 911/08 (125 PS (92 kW), Zenith 40TIN) for Sportomatic. These engines had a lighter magnesium-alloy crankcase, larger valves/ports, and stronger conrods. The internal code for this C series, its 2.2L engines, and parts number prefix for the new parts were switched from "901" to "911", including the new Typ 911 transaxle with a larger 225mm diameter clutch. The body had aluminium engine lid, and hidden-from-sight pull levers on door handles, replacing the previous push buttons. CDI ignition and ventilated brake discs became standard for all models. D series in MY1971 (from August 1970 production) added hot-dip zinc coating rust-proofing, side impact beam in the doors, central twist knob on the glove box lid, three-speed wipers with intermittent function (911T without intermittent), and the fuel pump behind the fuel tank was relocated to the left-rear of transmission. All the engines added oil squirters for the pistons on the crankcase and new sealed chain tensioners. Power windows became optional equipment for the first time. The 912 was discontinued, with the 914 taking its place as Porsche's entry model. Despite the lower maximum power output of the 911E compared

2.4-litre / E and F series (1971–1973)

The 1972–1973 model years consisted of the same models of 911— the entry level T, the midrange E and the top-of-the-line S. However, all models received a new, larger 2,341 cc (2.341 L; 142.9 cu in) engine with the unchanged 84 mm bore and a lengthened 70.4 mm stroke (2.2L units had a 84 mm bore and 66 mm stroke). This is universally marketed as the "2.4L" engine, despite its displacement being closer to 2.3 litres— perhaps to emphasize the increase over the 2.2 L. The 911E and 911S used mechanical fuel injection (MFI) in all markets. The 911T was carbureted, except in the United States and Japan where it also used MFI, which accounts for the 10 PS (7 kW) power difference. The new power ratings for the T models were: 130 PS (96 kW) with Zenith 40TIN for the manual (911/57 engine), and 125 PS (92 kW) with Weber 40IDTP3 for Sportomatic (911/67), or 140 PS (103 kW) with manual (911/51, MFI) or Sportomatic (911/61, MFI) in the U.S. and Japan. The ratings for the 911E were 165 PS (121 kW) for the manual (911/52, MFI) and the same 165 PS (121 kW) for the Sportomatic (911/62, MFI). S models were 190 PS (140 kW) for manual (911/53, MFI) and Sportomatic (911/63, MFI). 911S model also gained a discreet spoiler under the front bumper to improve high-speed stability. With a dry weight of 1,050 kg (2,310 lb), these models are often regarded as the best classic mainstream 911s. With the power and torque increase, the 2.4 L cars also received a newer, stronger transmission, identified by its Porsche type number 915, derived from the transmission in the Porsche 908 race car. The 915 did away with the 901 transmission's "dog-leg" style first gear arrangement, opting for a traditional H pattern with first gear up to the left, second gear underneath first, etcetera. Some say this was bec

Carrera RS 2.7 & RSR 2.8 (1972–1973)

The Carrera RS models, valued by collectors, are considered by many to be the greatest classic 911s of all time. RS stands for Rennsport in German, meaning "racing sport". The Carrera name was reintroduced from the 356 Carrera which had itself been named after Porsche's victories in the Carrera Panamericana races in Mexico in the 1950s. The RS was built so that Porsche could enter FIA Group 4 GT class in racing that required minimum 500 unit production volume. Compared with a standard 911S, the Carrera 2.7 RS had a larger 2.7 L; 164.0 cu in (2,687 cc) boxer-6 twin-ignition (911/83) engine with a bore x stroke of 90 mm × 70.4 mm (3.54 in × 2.77 in) developing 210 PS (154 kW) at 6,300 rpm and 255 N⋅m (188 lb⋅ft) of torque at 5,100 rpm with Bosch mechanical fuel injection. Retaining the bore center distance of the 2L engines, this increase in bore size from 80 mm (of the 2L) to 90 mm was made possible in part by the Nickel-Silicone cylinder surface protection (NIKASIL) by Mahle GmbH, which enabled cylinder wall to be thinner, maintaining sufficient space for the cooling air in between cylinders. 911RS came with a revised and stiffened suspension, a "ducktail" rear spoiler, larger brakes, wider rear wheels/tyres and rear wings. In RS Touring form it weighed 1,075 kg (2,370 lb), in Sport Lightweight form it was about 100 kg (220 lb) lighter, the saving coming from the thin-gauge steel used for parts of the bodyshell and also the use of thinner glass. In total, 1,580 were made, comfortably exceeding the 500 that had to be made to qualify for the FIA Group 4 production GT class. The Carrera RSR 2.8 is the whole reason for the Carrera RS 2.7 existence in the first place, as its production above 500 units qualified it for Group 4 Special GT racing class. These racing cars had wi

2.7-litre / G, H, I and J series (1974–1977)

=== The new impact bumper === MY 1974 was the introduction of impact bumpers to conform with low speed protection requirements of U.S. law, these bumpers being so successfully integrated into the design that they remained unchanged for 15 years. In 1974 the engine size was also increased to 2,687 cc, giving an increase in torque. The use of K-Jetronic CIS Bosch fuel injection in two of the three models in the line up— the 911 and 911S models, retaining the narrow rear wings of the old 2.4, now had a detuned version of the RS engine producing 150 and 175 PS (110 and 129 kW) respectively. The top of the line version received the Carrera name and was powered by the 210hp 2.7 of the old Carrera RS 2.7 for 1974–1975, and a 200hp 3.0 naturally aspirated derivation of the 930 Turbo engine for 1976–1977. In colloquial speak all 911s from MY1974 G-series until MY1989 are usually referred to as "G-series" because it was the introduction of major visual changes that remained in place until the introduction of the 964 generation. Carrera 2.7 / G and H series (1974–1975). The Carrera 2.7 was mechanically similar to the 1973 RS, inheriting its 210 PS (154 kW) MFI engine and still weighed the same at 1075 kg (2370 lb). It had the wide RS rear wings and also the ducktail for the 1974 model (except for the German market). It was available either as a coupé or a Targa. For 1976 a special run of 113 coupés with MFI were made. In addition, 30 MFI Targas with narrow rear wings were made for the Belgian Police. The US Carrera 2.7 was restricted to the 2.7 K-Jetronic engine as the MFI RS engine was banned on emission grounds. Power output was 175 PS (129 kW), though it was later reduced to 165 PS (121 kW; 165 PS) for the U.S. market as a whole, and to 160 PS (118 kW; 160 PS) in California. Th

Sections adapted from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0); text is shortened. Read the full article for the complete history and citations.

Specifications

name: Porsche 911 (classic)
aka: Porsche 911 Carrera , Porsche Carrera
Manufacturer: Porsche AG
Class: Sports car
Layout: Rear-engine, rear-wheel drive
Production: 1964–1989
Assembly: West Germany: Stuttgart, Zuffenhausen
Predecessor: Porsche 356
Successor: Porsche 964
Transmission: 5-speed manual, 4-speed semi-automatic, 4-speed manual
Wheelbase: 2211 –
Length: 4290 mm
Width: 1700 –
Height: 1300 –
Body style: 2-door coupé, 2-door Targa top (1966–1989), 2-door convertible (1982–1989)
Engine: 2.0 L air-cooled H6, 2.2 L air-cooled H6, 2.3 L air-cooled H6, 2.7 L air-cooled H6, 3.0 L air-cooled H6, 3.2 L air-cooled H6, 3.0 L air-cooled turbo H6, 3.3 L air-cooled turbo H6
Related: Porsche 912, Porsche 930, Porsche 959
Designer: Ferdinand Alexander Porsche, Erwin Komenda